Where the Earth’s Treasures Meet Human Brilliance: A Sri Lankan Gemmologist’s Global Journey

Sri Lanka, long celebrated as the “Island of Gems,” has dazzled the world for centuries with its brilliant sapphires and rich mineral treasures. But beyond the sparkle lies a deeper story — one of science, heritage, and global relevance. In this exclusive CeylonDigest interview, we are introduced — through the recommendation of esteemed researcher and heritage advocate Eric Jayawickrema — to Kasun Madivila, DBA, GG (GIA), a Sri Lankan-born gemmological scientist and Doctor of Business Administration, currently working at the forefront of gem research at the prestigious Gemological Institute of America (GIA) in the United States.

Madivila’s journey from the gem-laden soils of Ratnapura to state-of-the-art laboratories abroad is a testament to Sri Lankan excellence on the world stage. With a career that bridges continents and disciplines, he brings a unique voice to the international gem industry — blending tradition with technology, cultural knowledge with scientific precision.

As Sri Lanka’s gem sector faces the future amid rising competition, synthetic alternatives, and growing demands for ethical sourcing, this conversation offers valuable insight, inspiration, and a call to action.

Q: Where did you grow up in Sri Lanka, and how did your surroundings influence your interest in gems and minerals?
A: I was born and raised in Kandy, Sri Lanka—a city renowned for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance. While Kandy isn’t traditionally known as a major gem mining hub like Ratnapura, it has long been a center for gem trading and tourism. My father and uncle were both deeply involved in the gem and tourism industries, and their work had a profound influence on me.

From a young age, I was immersed in the world of gemstones—watching my father and uncle interact with traders, tourists, and collectors from around the globe. Our home often buzzed with conversations about sapphires, rubies, and the intricate craftsmanship of Sri Lankan jewelry. I was fascinated by how a single stone could carry such beauty, history, and value.

The blend of Kandy’s cultural heritage and my family’s involvement in gems and tourism nurtured my passion for gemology. This early exposure inspired me to pursue formal education at the Gemological Institute of America (GIA), where I became a Graduate Gemologist. Since then, I’ve had the privilege of working as a valuer and gemologist, including with the National Gem and Jewelry Authority of Sri Lanka. My upbringing in Kandy laid the foundation for a career that bridges tradition, science, and global appreciation for Sri Lanka’s gem heritage.

As a gemologist, I aspire to leave a legacy of elevating Sri Lanka’s gem industry to global prominence through education, innovation, and ethical practices. By founding Tourmaline Lanka Gemological Laboratory (TGL) and establishing Sri Lanka’s first international-standard gemological magazine, I aim to bridge traditional craftsmanship with modern science. Collaborating with the International School of Gems & Jewellery (ISGJ) further strengthens our commitment to providing world-class gemological education. Through these initiatives, I hope to inspire future generations to uphold the rich heritage of Sri Lankan gemology while embracing sustainable and transparent practices.

Q: What challenges did you face pursuing gemmology as a discipline in Sri Lanka?
A: Pursuing gemology in Sri Lanka presented several challenges, particularly in accessing education that met international standards. While the country boasts a rich heritage in gem mining and trading, the infrastructure for formal gemological education was limited. Many private institutions focused more on commercial aspects, teaching how to profit from gems rather than providing a comprehensive, scientific understanding of gemology.

This emphasis on commerce over professionalism made it difficult to gain the in-depth knowledge and skills required to excel in the field. Recognizing this gap, I sought formal education at the Gemological Institute of America (GIA), which provided the rigorous training and international perspective necessary to advance in the gem industry.

In recent years, efforts have been made to improve gemological education in Sri Lanka. Institutions like the International Gemological Academy (IGA) offer courses aimed at aligning with international standards, focusing on both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. However, challenges remain, such as the need for more advanced equipment and experienced instructors to provide high-quality training.

Overall, while Sri Lanka has made strides in enhancing gemological education, aspiring gemologists may still need to seek opportunities abroad to receive comprehensive training that meets global standards.

Q: Was there a defining moment that made you choose gemmology over other sciences?
A: Yes, there was a defining moment that solidified my decision to pursue gemology. Growing up in Kandy, I was surrounded by the gem trade through my family’s involvement in the industry. However, it was during my early research and hands-on experiences with gemstones that I realized my deep passion for understanding their complexities. This blend of familial influence and personal fascination with gem research led me to choose gemology over other scientific fields.

Q: Could you walk us through a typical day in your lab or research environment?
A: Certainly. A typical day in my gemological lab is a blend of meticulous analysis and continuous learning.

Q: What tools and technologies are indispensable in modern gemmological science?
A: In modern gemological science, several advanced tools are indispensable for accurate gemstone analysis

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR): Used to distinguish between natural and synthetic gemstones and to identify treatments like polymer impregnation in jadeite and oil in emeralds.

• Raman Spectroscopy: Enables rapid identification of gemstones, including mounted and rough stones, and detection of enhancements and synthetic materials.
• Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF): Determines the elemental composition of gemstones, aiding in the identification of synthetic and natural stones and analyzing quality enhancement methods
• Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectroscopy: Assists in detecting treatments such as heat treatment in sapphires and determining the color variety of gems.

These technologies are crucial for gemologists to provide accurate assessments and certifications, ensuring the integrity of the gem trade in Sri Lanka.

Q: Have you contributed to any notable discoveries or case studies in gemmology?
A: Yes, I have contributed to a notable discovery in gemology. Recently, I identified a new gem variety called ‘Cat’s Eye Xenotime,’ marking the first documented occurrence of chatoyancy in this mineral. The specimen, weighing 38.88 carats, was unearthed in Kuruwita, Ratnapura, and exhibits a brownish-green hue with a distinct cat’s eye effect. This discovery has garnered international attention and is currently undergoing verification by the International Mineralogical Association and the Gemological Institute of America.

Q: How do you stay updated with breakthroughs in a rapidly evolving field?
A: I stay updated with breakthroughs in gemology by regularly reading leading journals like Gems & Gemology and The Journal of Gemmology, attending GIA Knowledge Sessions and international conferences, and participating in continuing education programs offered by institutions such as the Gemological Institute of America (GIA).

Q: How do ancient traditions and modern science coexist in Sri Lankan gemmology?
A: In Sri Lankan gemmology, ancient traditions and modern science coexist through a harmonious blend of age-old mining, cutting, and trading practices passed down through generations, alongside advanced gemological testing, certification, and research using modern equipment and international standards. This synergy preserves cultural heritage while ensuring global credibility and accuracy in gemstone identification and valuation.

Q: Are there any traditional Sri Lankan methods or beliefs in gem evaluation that still hold scientific merit today?
A: Yes, traditional Sri Lankan methods like observing a gem’s luster, color under natural light, and “eye-clean” clarity are still valued and often align with scientific principles of gem evaluation. These practices, though rooted in experience and intuition, complement modern gemological testing and often lead to accurate initial assessments.

Q: How do you perceive the global fascination with Ceylon sapphires?
A: The global fascination with Ceylon sapphires stems from their exceptional clarity, vibrant colors—especially the famed royal blue and cornflower blue—as well as a stunning variety including yellow sapphires, vivid pink to hot pink, and the rare Padparadscha, a unique blend of pink and orange. With sapphires found in nearly every color of the rainbow, their beauty, rarity, and rich Sri Lankan heritage continue to captivate collectors, jewelers, and gem enthusiasts worldwide.

Q: Have you had the opportunity to represent Sri Lanka in international gemmological forums or conferences?
A: Yes, many times—I’ve represented Sri Lanka at the China Gem and Jewelry Conference and gem shows, as well as various other international gem exhibitions around the world.

Q: How is Sri Lanka perceived in gemmological circles in the U.S. and Europe?
A: Sri Lanka is highly esteemed in gemmological circles across the U.S. and Europe. Renowned for its rich gem heritage, the country is celebrated for producing high-quality gemstones, including the famed Ceylon sapphires, which are prized for their exceptional clarity and vibrant colors. Sri Lanka’s commitment to ethical mining practices further enhances its reputation, making it a trusted source for ethically sourced gems. The nation’s blend of traditional craftsmanship and modern gemological techniques positions it as a significant player in the global gemstone market.

Q: Have you helped promote Sri Lankan gems or education abroad?
A: Yes, I have actively promoted Sri Lankan gems and gemological education abroad. Through our internationally accredited gemological laboratory, TGL Gem Lab, we provide services that meet global standards. Additionally, I founded Tourmaline Lanka, Sri Lanka’s first international-standard gemological magazine, published annually to highlight Sri Lankan gem traders and promote the country’s gem industry on the global stage. We also collaborate with ISGJ—the International School of Gem and Jewelry, India—which provides international gem education in Sri Lanka.

Q: What is yourview on the rise of lab-grown diamonds and sapphires?
A:  As a gemologist, I recognize the rise of lab-grown diamonds and sapphires as a significant development in the gemstone industry. These stones are chemically and physically identical to their natural counterparts, offering consumers ethical and affordable alternatives. While they may lack the unique geological history of mined gems, lab-grown stones provide consistent quality and are increasingly accepted in the market. Their growing popularity reflects a shift towards sustainability and transparency in gemstone sourcing

Q: Do you believe technology will eventually replace the role of human expertise in gem assessment?
A: As a gemologist, I believe technology significantly enhances our ability to assess gemstones but will not replace human expertise. Advanced tools like AI-driven systems and spectroscopy provide valuable data, improving accuracy and efficiency in gem identification and grading. For instance, Gemtelligence, developed by Gübelin Gem Lab, has demonstrated high accuracy in determining gemstone origins and treatments, sometimes surpassing traditional methods .

However, human judgment remains crucial, especially in interpreting complex data, understanding market nuances, and evaluating new or unique gemstones. Technology serves as a powerful tool to support gemologists, not replace them. The future of gemology lies in the collaboration between human expertise and technological advancements, ensuring precise and reliable gemstone assessments

Q: How do you balance scientific objectivity with aesthetic and cultural appreciation?
A: As a gemologist, I strive to balance scientific objectivity with cultural appreciation by integrating rigorous analytical methods with an understanding of the cultural and historical significance of gemstones. While scientific tools provide precise data on a gem’s composition and origin, acknowledging its cultural context enriches its value and meaning. For instance, recognizing the spiritual importance of jade in East Asian cultures or the symbolic role of turquoise in Native American traditions adds depth to its assessment. This holistic approach ensures that both the gem’s physical properties and its cultural narratives are respected and preserved.

Q: How important is transparency and traceability in today’s gem market?
A: As a gemologist, I consider transparency and traceability essential in today’s gemstone market. With over 70% of gemstones sourced from small-scale miners, establishing clear provenance is crucial to ensure ethical practices and fair labor standards .

Technological advancements, such as blockchain and laser-inscribed nano-IDs, have significantly enhanced traceability. For instance, the Provenance Proof Blockchain, developed in collaboration with Gübelin Gem Lab, allows each gemstone to have a unique digital record, ensuring its journey from mine to market is transparent and secure .

Moreover, initiatives like the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) and the Responsible Jewellery Council (RJC) have been instrumental in promoting ethical sourcing by establishing standards for transparency and traceability in the gemstone industry .

In summary, transparency and traceability are not just industry trends but necessities that foster trust, ensure ethical practices, and empower consumers to make informed choices in the gemstone market.

Q: What do you think about blockchain and digital certification in gem trading?
A: As a gemologist, I view blockchain and digital certification as transformative tools in the gemstone industry. These technologies enhance transparency, traceability, and authenticity, addressing long-standing challenges such as fraud and ethical sourcing. Platforms like Provenance Proof Blockchain and initiatives by organizations like GIA and De Beers are pioneering efforts in this direction. By securely recording a gem’s journey from mine to market, blockchain provides consumers and industry professionals with verifiable information about a gem’s origin and treatment history. This fosters trust and accountability in the marketplace.

Moreover, digital certifications, when integrated with blockchain, offer immutable records that are easily accessible and verifiable. This is particularly beneficial in combating the circulation of counterfeit stones and ensuring that ethical standards are upheld throughout the supply chain. While these technologies are still evolving, their potential to revolutionize the gemstone industry by promoting responsible practices and informed decision-making is significant.

Q: How can gemmologists help combat illegal mining and unethical practices?
A: As a gemologist, I play a crucial role in combating illegal mining and unethical practices within the gemstone industry by:

1. Promoting Ethical Sourcing: I advocate for and support the sourcing of gemstones from reputable, ethical suppliers who adhere to fair labor practices and environmental standards.
2. Ensuring Transparency: Through detailed gemological analysis and certification, I provide transparency regarding the origin and treatment of gemstones, helping to prevent the trade of illicit or conflict-sourced materials.
3. Educating Stakeholders: I educate consumers, traders, and industry professionals about the importance of ethical practices and the impact of their purchasing decisions on global supply chains.
4. Advocating for Standards: I support and adhere to industry standards and certifications that promote responsible mining and trading practices, such as the Kimberley Process for diamonds and similar initiatives for colored gemstones.

By integrating these practices into my professional activities, I contribute to a more ethical and sustainable gemstone industry.

Q: What do you miss most about working in Sri Lanka?
A: As a gemologist, what I miss most about working in Sri Lanka is the profound connection between the land, its people, and the gemstones. In regions like Ratnapura, known as the “City of Gems,” the daily rhythm of life revolves around the discovery and trade of these precious stones. The traditional mining methods, often passed down through generations, reflect a deep respect for the earth and its resources. Witnessing miners sift through alluvial deposits with meticulous care, hoping to uncover a hidden gem, is a testament to their dedication and the cultural significance of gem mining in Sri Lanka. The vibrant gem markets, bustling with activity, offer a unique glimpse into the rich heritage and craftsmanship that define Sri Lanka’s gem industry. This intimate and authentic experience is something that cannot be replicated elsewhere.

Q: Is there a particular gemstone that you feel a personal connection to, and why?
A: As a gemologist, I have a profound connection to emeralds. Their rich green hue symbolizes wisdom and rebirth, resonating deeply with me. Emeralds are often associated with emotional healing and balance, qualities I value both personally and professionally. The meticulous process of evaluating an emerald—assessing its color, clarity, and origin—mirrors the thoughtful approach I take in my work. This gemstone’s blend of beauty and depth continually inspires my journey in gemology.

Q: What legacy do you hope to leave in the world of gemmology?
A: As a gemologist, I aspire to leave a legacy of elevating Sri Lanka’s gem industry to global prominence through education, innovation, and ethical practices. By founding Tourmaline Lanka Gemological Laboratory (TGL) and establishing Sri Lanka’s first international-standard gemological magazine, I aim to bridge traditional craftsmanship with modern science. Collaborating with the International School of Gems & Jewellery (ISGJ) further strengthens our commitment to providing world-class gemological education. Through these initiatives, I hope to inspire future generations to uphold the rich heritage of Sri Lankan gemology while embracing sustainable and transparent practice

Q: How can we better educate the public about gemstone authenticity and value?
A: As a gemologist, educating the public about gemstone authenticity and value is paramount. To achieve this, we can:

1. Promote Certified Gemstones: Encourage consumers to seek gemstones that come with certificates from reputable laboratories.
2. Educate on Basic Identification Tools: Introduce the public to simple tools such as a 10x loupe for inspecting inclusions, a digital scale for weighing, and UV light for detecting fluorescence. These tools can help consumers perform basic assessments of gemstones .
3. Highlight the Importance of Transparency: Advocate for transparency in the gemstone industry by promoting traceability and ethical sourcing practices. This ensures that consumers are informed about the origins and treatment of the gemstones they purchase.
4. Utilize Digital Platforms: Leverage social media, blogs, and websites to disseminate information about gemstone identification, certification, and valuation. Engaging content can help demystify the complexities of gemstones for the general public.

By implementing these strategies, we can empower consumers to make informed decisions, ensuring they acquire genuine gemstones that hold true value.

Q: What message would you give to the Sri Lankan gem industry from your experience overseas?
A: As a Sri Lankan gemologist, my message to the local gem industry is one of unity, innovation, and ethical responsibility. Sri Lanka’s rich heritage as a gem-producing nation is unparalleled, with over 70 varieties of gemstones found within our borders . However, to maintain and enhance our global standing, we must address several pressing challenges.

1. Embrace Technology and Education
   The integration of modern technology in gem cutting, grading, and certification is essential. Collaborations with institutions like the International School of Gem and Jewellery (ISGJ) in India are steps in the right direction, providing international-standard education and training within Sri Lanka. Such initiatives ensure that our workforce remains skilled and competitive in the global market.
2. Uphold Ethical Mining Practices
   It’s imperative to adopt and enforce sustainable mining practices. This includes regulating mining activities to prevent environmental degradation and ensuring fair labor practices. By doing so, we not only protect our natural resources but also enhance the reputation of Sri Lankan gems as ethically sourced.
3. Foster Industry Collaboration
   The gem industry should work cohesively, with stakeholders from mining, cutting, trading, and education sectors collaborating to streamline processes and share best practices. This unity can lead to the development of a national policy that addresses the industry’s challenges and sets a clear path for sustainable growth.
4. Promote Transparency and Certification
   Implementing robust certification systems and promoting transparency in the gem trade will build consumer trust and open new markets. By ensuring that every gem is traceable and its authenticity verifiable, we can position Sri Lanka as a leader in responsible gem trading.
5. Leverage Global Platforms
   Participating in international gem and jewelry exhibitions, such as FACETS Sri Lanka, allows us to showcase our gems to a global audience, attracting buyers and investors. These platforms also provide opportunities to learn from global trends and incorporate them into our practices .

In conclusion, while Sri Lanka’s gem industry faces challenges, it also holds immense potential. By embracing innovation, upholding ethical standards, and fostering collaboration, we can ensure that our gems continue to shine brightly on the global stage.

This conversation reveals more than just the science of stones — it illuminates the journey of a Sri Lankan expert who blends deep-rooted heritage with international expertise. As the global gem trade becomes more complex and competitive, voices like his play a crucial role in safeguarding both authenticity and innovation. His message is clear: Sri Lanka’s gem story is not only one of the past, but of the future — if we continue to invest in ethical practices, scientific research, and international collaboration.